Distal radius fracture is a common injury that occurs when the end of the radius bone near the wrist joint is broken. This type of fracture is also known as a Colles fracture, named after the Irish surgeon Abraham Colles who first described it.
Symptoms
The most common symptoms of distal radius fracture include:
- Pain and tenderness near the wrist joint
- Swelling and bruising around the wrist
- Limited mobility of the wrist jointDeformity or visible bulge in the wrist
- Numbness or tingling in the hand or fingers
Causes
Distal radius fractures are most commonly caused by a fall onto an outstretched hand or a direct blow to the wrist. This can occur during sports or other physical activities, as well as in accidents or falls.
Risk Factors
People who engage in activities that involve high impact on the wrist joint, such as sports or manual labor, are at higher risk for distal radius fractures. Additionally, people with weakened bones due to conditions such as osteoporosis may also be at higher risk.
Associated Conditions
Distal radius fracture may be associated with other injuries, such as dislocations or fractures of other bones in the arm or hand.
Diagnosis
A healthcare provider will typically diagnose distal radius fracture based on a physical examination of the wrist and a review of the patient’s medical history. X-rays or other imaging studies may also be used to confirm the diagnosis and to determine the extent of the fracture.
Differential Diagnosis
Other conditions that can present with similar symptoms to distal radius fracture include sprains, strains, and other fractures of the wrist bones.
Treatment Options
The most common treatment for distal radius fracture is immobilization of the affected wrist with a cast or splint for a period of 4-6 weeks. In some cases, surgery may be necessary if the fracture is severe or if conservative treatment fails.
Typical Recovery Timeframes
It typically takes around 4-6 weeks for the fracture to heal and for the wrist to regain full function. During this time, the cast or splint should be worn continuously to ensure that the wrist remains immobilized.
Prognosis
With proper treatment, most people with distal radius fracture will make a full recovery and regain full function of their wrist. However, if the injury is severe or if it is not treated promptly, the wrist may not fully heal and may be permanently weakened or unstable.