Achilles tendon rupture is a condition in which the Achilles tendon, which connects the calf muscles to the heel bone, tears partially or completely. This injury is most common in people who participate in sports that require quick changes in direction, such as basketball or tennis, or those who participate in activities that put a lot of stress on the Achilles tendon, such as running or jumping.
Symptoms of an Achilles tendon rupture include a sudden, sharp pain in the back of the ankle or calf, difficulty walking or standing on the affected leg, a popping or snapping sound at the time of the injury, and swelling or bruising around the ankle.
The most common cause of an Achilles tendon rupture is a sudden, forceful contraction of the calf muscles. This can occur during a sudden movement or jump, or when starting or accelerating quickly while running. Other risk factors for Achilles tendon rupture include a history of previous tendon injuries, poor flexibility or strength in the calf muscles, and certain medical conditions such as arthritis, diabetes, or high blood pressure.
Diagnosis of an Achilles tendon rupture is usually based on a physical examination and a review of the patient’s medical history. Imaging tests such as an ultrasound or MRI may also be used to confirm the diagnosis and determine the severity of the injury.
Treatment options for an Achilles tendon rupture depend on the severity of the injury. Conservative treatments such as immobilization in a cast or walking boot, rest, ice, and physical therapy may be recommended for less severe cases. However, for more severe injuries, surgery may be necessary to repair the torn tendon.
The typical recovery timeframe for an Achilles tendon rupture varies depending on the severity of the injury and the type of treatment used. In general, it may take several months to a year for a full recovery. Physical therapy and rehabilitation are often necessary to help restore strength and range of motion to the affected leg.
The prognosis for an Achilles tendon rupture is generally good, but complications can occur, such as re-rupture of the tendon or a delay in healing. With appropriate treatment and rehabilitation, however, most patients are able to return to their normal activities and achieve a full recovery.