Pectoralis major tendon tear is an injury to the tendon that connects the pectoralis major muscle, which is located in the chest area, to the upper arm bone (humerus). This type of injury usually occurs as a result of sudden force or trauma to the shoulder area.
Symptoms of a pectoralis major tendon tear may include:
- Sudden pain in the shoulder or chest area
- A popping or tearing sensation at the time of injury
- Swelling and bruising around the shoulder and chest area
- Weakness in the affected arm, particularly when attempting to lift heavy objects or perform pushing movements
- Deformity of the chest and arm area, particularly in more severe cases
Causes of a pectoralis major tendon tear may include:
- Sudden force or trauma to the shoulder area, such as a fall or impact
- Overuse or repetitive strain on the muscle and tendon, particularly in weightlifting or other activities that involve repetitive pushing or pulling movements
- Weakening of the tendon over time, particularly in older individuals or those with underlying medical conditions that affect tendon health, such as tendonitis or connective tissue disorders
Risk factors for a pectoralis major tendon tear may include:
- Participating in contact sports, particularly those that involve throwing or tackling
- Weightlifting or other activities that involve repetitive pushing or pulling movements
- Age, as the risk of tendon injury increases with age
- Underlying medical conditions that affect tendon health, such as tendonitis or connective tissue disorders
Associated conditions may include other injuries to the shoulder or chest area, such as rotator cuff tears or shoulder dislocations.
Diagnosis of a pectoralis major tendon tear may involve a physical examination of the affected shoulder, as well as imaging tests such as X-rays, MRI, or ultrasound.
Differential diagnosis may include other injuries to the shoulder or chest area, such as rotator cuff tears, AC joint injuries, or clavicle fractures.
Treatment options for a pectoralis major tendon tear may include:
- Rest and immobilization of the affected arm using a sling or brace
- Physical therapy to improve range of motion and strength in the affected arm
- Surgery to repair the torn tendon, particularly in more severe cases or cases where nonsurgical treatment options have been unsuccessful
Typical recovery timeframes may vary depending on the severity of the injury and the treatment approach taken, but may range from several weeks to several months.
Prognosis for a pectoralis major tendon tear is generally good with appropriate treatment, although long-term complications such as loss of strength or range of motion in the affected arm may occur in some cases.